Originally
named Manikarnika at birth nicknamed Manu , she was born on 19 November
1835 at Kashi Varanasi to a Maharashtrian Karhade Brahmin family from
Dwadashi, District Satara. She lost her mother at the age of four. She was
educated at home. Her father Moropant Tambey worked at the court of Peshwa
Baji Rao II at Bithur and then travelled to the court of Raja Gangadhar Rao
Newalkar, the Maharaja of Jhansi, when Manu was thirteen years old. She was
married to Gangadhar Rao, the Raja of Jhansi, at the age of 14.
During that
period, Lord Dalhousie was the Governor General of British India. The adopted
child was named Damodar Rao. As per the Hindu tradition, he was their legal
heir. However, the British rulers refused to accept him as the legal heir. As
per the Doctrine of Lapse, Lord Dalhousie decided to seize the state of
Jhansi. Rani Lakshmibai went to a British lawyer and consulted him.
Thereafter, she filed an appeal for the hearing of her case in London. But,
her plea was rejected. The British authorities confiscated the state jewels.
Also, an order was passed asking the Rani to leave Jhansi fort and move to
the Rani Mahal in Jhansi. Laxmibai was firm about protecting the state of Jhansi
|
Wednesday, 21 February 2018
JHANSI RANI
MARIE CURIE
Marie Curie, née Sklodowska
Born: 7 November 1867, Warsaw, Russian Empire (now Poland)
Died: 4 July 1934, Sallanches,
France
Prize motivation: "in recognition of the extraordinary services they
have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered
by Professor Henri Becquerel"
Field: nuclear physics
Prize share: 1/4
Life
Marie Skłodowska was born in
Warsaw, Poland, to a family of teachers who believed strongly in education. She
moved to Paris to continue her studies and there met Pierre Curie, who became
both her husband and colleague in the field of radioactivity. The couple later
shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics. Marie was widowed in 1906, but
continued the couple's work and went on to become the first person ever to be
awarded two Nobel Prizes. During World War I, Curie organized mobile X-ray
teams. The Curies' daughter, Irene, was also jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in
Chemistry alongside her husband, Frederic Joliot.
Work
1903 Prize: The 1896 discovery of radioactivity by Henri
Becquerel inspired Marie and Pierre Curie to further investigate this
phenomenon. They examined many substances and minerals for signs of
radioactivity. They found that the mineral pitchblende was more radioactive
than uranium and concluded that it must contain other radioactive substances.
From it they managed to extract two previously unknown elements, polonium and
radium, both more radioactive than uranium.
1911 Prize: After Marie and Pierre Curie first discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium, Marie continued to investigate their properties. In 1910 she successfully produced radium as a pure metal, which proved the new element's existence beyond a doubt. She also documented the properties of the radioactive elements and their compounds. Radioactive compounds became important as sources of radiation in both scientific experiments and in the field of medicine, where they are used to treat tumors.
1911 Prize: After Marie and Pierre Curie first discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium, Marie continued to investigate their properties. In 1910 she successfully produced radium as a pure metal, which proved the new element's existence beyond a doubt. She also documented the properties of the radioactive elements and their compounds. Radioactive compounds became important as sources of radiation in both scientific experiments and in the field of medicine, where they are used to treat tumors.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)